TEEN LOK KA NAKSHA(JAINISM UNIVERSE MAP)
Jainism is an ancient religion from India that teaches that the way to liberation and bliss is to live lives of harmlessness and renunciation.
The essence of Jainism is concern for the welfare of every being in the universe and for the health of the universe itself.Jains believe that animals and plants, as well as human beings, contain living souls. Each of these souls is considered of equal value and should be treated with respect and compassion.
- Jains are strict vegetarians and live in a way that minimises their use of the world's resources.
- Jains believe in reincarnation and seek to attain ultimate liberation - which means escaping the continuous cycle of birth, death and rebirth so that the immortal soul lives for ever in a state of bliss.
- Liberation is achieved by eliminating all karma from the soul.
- Jainism is a religion of self-help.
- There are no gods or spiritual beings that will help human beings.
- The three guiding principles of Jainism, the 'three jewels', are right belief, right knowledge and right conduct.
- The supreme principle of Jain living is non violence (ahimsa).
- This is one of the 5 mahavratas (the 5 great vows). The other mahavratas are non-attachment to possessions, not lying, not stealing, and sexual restraint (with celibacy as the ideal).
- Mahavira is regarded as the man who gave Jainism its present-day form.
- The texts containing the teachings of Mahavira are called the Agamas.
This Jain Symbol is an arrangement of various symbols each having a significant meaning.This symbol was adopted by all sects of jainism. This outline of the symbol represents shape of the universe(LOK) the lower part of symbol represents the seven hells(NAARK),The middle part of the universe contains the earth(Manushya lok).The upper part contains the heavenly abodes(DEV LOK).
According to Jain philosophy, soul is eternal and beginning less. It has life, consciousness, Upayoga (knowledge and perception) and is potent. It performs actions and is affected by their results, is conditioned by its own body (characteristic of contraction and expansion), is incorporeal and is ordinarily found with Karma. In addition, it is capable of becoming free from the defect of Karma, gets to the highest point of the universe, knows all and perceives all and obtains the transcendental bliss ever-lasting34 The nature of soul is considered dual in character. According to the realistic standpoint, it remains the same under all states, while according to the practical standpoint, it is transformed into modes and this becomes different in number, place and form etc.
The souls are of two types, namely I) Samsaris (transmigrating beings) those who undergo or subjects to the cycle of wandering into births and experience the fruit of Karmas, and 2) Muktas, the emancipated souls. The transmigrating souls are of two kinds, Trasas (mobiles) and Sthavaras (immobile). The Sthavaras are further divided into five kinds, viz. earth, water, fire, air and plants possessing the touching sensation. The mobile beings are from two- sensed beings onwards. The senses are five, viz. touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing. The senses are also of two kinds, the physical sense and psychic sense. Earth, water, plants etc. have one sense of touch and the warm, the ant, the bee, and man etc. have each one more sense than the preceding one. These living beings possess of some essential characteristics called Pranas, viz. Bala, Indriya, Ayu, and Ucchavasa (breathing). The means of birth of beings are also discussed. It is of three kinds, viz. I). Spontaneous generation (Sammurchhana), ii) birth from uterus (Garbhaja), and iii) Upapadajanma (that is the seat to which the soul goes and in which it is born).
The existence of soul is proved from the world “Soul” itself. The very thought whether the soul exists or not proves its existence, because man can think whether something is the pillar or the person while and inanimate substance cannot. No one except the soul can raise doubt. Modern scientists are also realizing the existence of soul. For instance, it is said, “This world is not the machine without soul. It has not come into existence by accident. Behind the veil of matter, is working the mind and consciousness. This force may be given any nomenclature.
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Digestive Ailments
Consuming non- vegetarian food gives rise to digestive problems. The protein content in it is quite more than that is required by the body. Non-vegetarian food has higher amount of protein content and makes digestion difficult. Consuming non- vegetarian food may lead to acidity and constipation which in turn might cause other digestion related complications as well.
Expected Life Reduction
According to studies, if you consume non- vegetarian food daily, it may reduce your life span. Vegetarians are expected to live a longer life than the non- vegetarian food lovers.
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Health - Related Diseases
In red meat, the cholesterol present may result in accumulation of fats (cholesterol) in the veins and arteries which will cause obstruction in the blood vessels which may result in major health related problems like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension (increased blood pressure), cardiac arrest, atherosclerosis etc.
Antibiotic Resistance
The method of growing animals in farms is unhygienic. Many drugs such as antibiotics are often administered during the regular maintenance of these farm animals.
These antibiotics might enter the food chain and the body of someone who consumes. This may lead to severe problems related to immunity.
Hormonal Imbalance
Consuming large amount of meat causes ingestion of more cholesterol which may result in steroid hormonal imbalance.
Though bad effects of consumption of meat are not proved with any scientific evidence but many observational studies are happening to find out the harmful effects of consuming meat. Following are the observational studies which only can show the relationship between consuming meat and bad effects but are not scientifically proven.
Red Meat and Cancer
Consuming large amount of red meat results in several cancer types such as prostate, breast, kidney and digestive tract. Among all cancer types, the colon cancer has a strong link with the red meat intake and well processed meat. Yet studies showed that poultry meat consumption reduces the colon cancer risk even when it is cooked up to charring.
Heart diseases
Observational studies show the relationship between meat consumption and heart diseases. According to studies, consuming processed meat products increases risk of heart diseases. Frequently consuming meat may lead to a high-risk factor for heart diseases.
Consumption of meat and obesity
Observational studies linked the intake of red and processed meat and obesity. The key reason for quick weight gain is high calorie and protein content. Yet, some studies showed weight loss in spite of higher intake of meat.
Type II Diabetes
When one daily consumes high amount of red meat, type II diabetes risk increases by 30%. For such people, diabetes may develop within four years. Though, scientifically it is not proven.
India has had a vegetarian culture since ancient times, and the people at that time were in good health and longevity. All types of food have their advantages and disadvantages. Just choose the right diet and stay healthy.
